Calculating Molecular Weight of a Gas at NTP
Atomic mass and Molecular mass • April 2026

Calculating Molecular Weight of a Gas at NTP

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Written By Archive Editorial
Reading Time 5 Min Read

Understanding the Concept

To solve this problem, we rely on the fundamental relationship between gas volume, mass, and molar mass. At NTP (Normal Temperature and Pressure), which is defined as a temperature of 273.15 K ($0^\circ C$) and a pressure of 1 atm, one mole of any ideal gas occupies a standard volume of 22.4 Liters.

This is known as the Molar Volume of a gas at STP/NTP.

The Formula

We can relate the mass of a substance to its molar mass using the following relationship:

$$\text{Number of moles (n)} = \frac{\text{Mass (m)}}{\text{Molecular Weight (M)}} = \frac{\text{Volume at NTP (V)}}{22.4 \text{ L}}$$

By rearranging this formula, we can solve for the Molecular Weight (M):

$$M = \frac{\text{Mass} \times 22.4 \text{ L}}{\text{Volume at NTP}}$$

Step-by-Step Solution

Given the data from the question:

  • Mass (m) = $14 \text{ g}$
  • Volume (V) = $11.2 \text{ L}$

Step 1: Calculate the number of moles Since 22.4 L corresponds to 1 mole, we calculate how many moles are in 11.2 L:

$$\text{n} = \frac{11.2 \text{ L}}{22.4 \text{ L/mol}} = 0.5 \text{ moles}$$

Step 2: Calculate the molecular weight Now, use the formula $\text{n} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{molecular weight}}$ to solve for M:

$$0.5 \text{ mol} = \frac{14 \text{ g}}{\text{M}}$$

$$M = \frac{14 \text{ g}}{0.5 \text{ mol}}$$

$$M = 28 \text{ g/mol}$$

Conclusion

The molecular weight of the gas is 28 g/mol. This value corresponds to common diatomic gases like Nitrogen ($N_2$) or Carbon Monoxide ($CO$).

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